Avian influenza or Bird flu A Fact Sheet with the possibility of Homeopathy

<body> <p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Arial"><b><font size="4"><a name="top">Avian</a> influenza or Bird flu <br> </font>A Fact sheet <br> </b><font size="2">(In other pages - <a href="bird_flu_more.htm">How Homeopathy was effective</a> and <a href="bird_flu_d&q.htm">Some reasonable doubts and questions</a> about the false panic)</font></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><a href="#pro">Prologue</a><br> <a href="#intr">Introduction</a><br> <a href="#cl-pic">Clinical picture in birds</a><br> <span style="color:black"> <a href="#sprd">Spread of bird flu</a> <br> <a href="#trt-brd">Treatment available for birds</a></span><br> <a href="#cnt-brd">Control measures in birds</a><br> <a href="#cl-pic-hum">Clinical picture in infected humans</a><br> <a href="#tr">Treatment</a><br> <a href="#do-n-do">What to do and not to do?</a><br> <a href="#concrn">Why there is so much concern and why there is no need to panic?</a><br> <a href="#real panic">The real panic!</a><br> <a href="#tech">Technical aspects of Avian Influenza</a><br> <a href="#cncl">Conclusion</a></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><a name="pro">Prologue</a></b><br> Bird flue or Avian Influenza is the latest threat to the peaceful existence to human beings in this earth. As if the other existing threats are not enough!<br> But bird flue attains significance because all over the media is on a gold rush to harvest maximum fear factor from the public. It seems. The hands of some interested drug mafias may also be considered lurking in the back ground. It is to be particularly significant to note that the drug industry is the number one along with arms in reaping money.<br> So here are the latest and well proven facts about bird flue for the information of public as well as professionals. (see also <a href="bird_flu_d&q.htm">some reasonable doubts and questions</a>).</font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><a name="intr">Introduction</a><br> </b>Avian influenza, or "bird flu", is a contagious disease of animals especially birds, caused by particular strains of influenza viruses. They normally infect only birds and, less commonly, pigs. While all bird species are thought to be susceptible to infection, domestic poultry flocks like chickens, ducks, geese and turkeys are especially vulnerable to infections that can rapidly reach epidemic proportions. Another interesting factor is that <span style="color:black">Wild birds worldwide carry the viruses in their intestines, but usually do not get sick from them and it causes symptoms and death in domesticated birds only. And when they start affecting the said domesticated birds it is rapidly contagious and very often highly fatal. (</span>For more technical details <span style="color:blue"><a href="#tech">click here</a></span>)<b> </b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Arial"><b><a name="cl-pic"><font size="2">Clinical picture in birds</font></a></b><font size="2"><br> </font></font> <span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2">The disease in birds has two forms. The first causes only mild illness, expressed only as ruffled feathers or reduced egg production. A second form is the dangerous one, known as “highly pathogenic avian influenza”. This variety is extremely contagious in birds and rapidly fatal, with a mortality approaching 100%. Birds can even die on the same day of symptoms first appear.</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><i>Infected poultry may show the following symptoms and signs</i></b><br> Sudden death or death after any of the following signs. <br> There is a general lack of energy and appetite.<br> Some times swelling of the head, eyelids, combs, wattles and legs is seen.<br> The wattles and combs are discoloured Purple. <br> There will be nasal discharge, with or without coughing and sneezing<br> Most of the times diarrhoea is also seen.<br> <a target="_self" href="#top">Top</a></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><span style="color:black"> <a name="sprd">Spread of bird flu</a> </span></b><span style="color:black"><br> As mentioned the spread is mostly from birds to birds. Infected birds shed flu virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces. When susceptible birds have contact with contaminated excretions or surfaces that are contaminated with excretions they become infected. Humans get infected when they are in intimate contact with infected poultry or contaminated surfaces with virus. </span> </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="color:black"> Human to human spread (that is spread from one infected human to another one through sneezing coughing or direct contact etc.) is considered not possible at present. However there is a suspected case of human to human infection in a family in Thailand but the case stopped spreading in the first generation itself. That is the one who got it from an infected human did not cause another second generation of human infections.</span></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><span style="color:black"> <a name="trt-brd">Treatment available for birds</a></span></b><br> There are two aspects to this. One there are no rapid, massive and effective treatment modalities in conventional medicine for birds. Second far more importance is given to the spread of illness to human that birds are considered better controlled (for how see below) than treated. (for available alternatives <a href="#brd-trt-avlbl">click here</a>)<br> <br> <b><a name="cnt-brd">Control measures in birds</a><br> </b>First and most important control measure is rapid destruction (called “culling” or “stamping out”) of all infected or exposed birds and proper disposal of carcasses. Some times millions of birds are extinguished like this. Proper quarantining and rigorous disinfection of farms are also necessary. Movement restrictions for live poultry as in trade are another important control measure. This is implied both within and between countries to be effective. Vaccination of chicks is also effective.</font></p> <p><span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2">For disinfection heating (56 degrees C for 3 hours or 60 degrees C for 30 minutes) is best. Common disinfectants, such as formalin and iodine compounds are also found to be working.</font></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2">The virus survive, at cool temperatures like in contaminated manure for at least three months. It can survive for up to four days in water, at 22 degrees C and more than 30 days at 0 degrees C. The virulence of the highly pathogenic form is much high that a single gram of contaminated manure can contain enough virus to infect 1 million birds.</font></span><font size="2"><span style="font-family:"Arial";color:blue"> </span></font><span style="font-family: Arial"><font size="2">(<a href="#brd-trt-avlbl">Click here</a> for available treatment for birds)<br> </font></span><font face="Arial" size="2"><a target="_self" href="#top">Top</a></font></p> <p><b><span style="font-family:"Arial""> <a name="cl-pic-hum"><font size="2">Clinical picture in infected humans</font></a><font size="2"><br> </font> </span></b><span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2">The actual out breaks of human infection in much less. And from the available data it appears that patients developed symptoms ranged from typical flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore throat, cough, muscle aches, eye infections, and, in several of the fatal cases, severe respiratory distress secondary to viral pneumonia and other complications. </font> </span></p> <p><span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2">Even though it looks like a common influenza the effectiveness of conventional treatment is in doubt due to several factors. Common antiviral drugs even though clinically effective against influenza  A virus strains in otherwise healthy adults and children, but have some limitations in avail flu. Also they have some undesirable side effects and some of these are much expensive and supplies are limited. </font> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2">About <b><i>vaccines</i></b> even though experience with influenza vaccines is considerable, it is to be noted that vaccine composition changes each year to match changes in circulating virus due to antigenic drift. And at least four months is  needed to produce a new vaccine, in significant quantities, capable of conferring protection against a new virus subtype.<br> <![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br> <![endif]><b><i>Diagnosis</i></b><br> Specific diagnostic tests are those for diagnosing all influenza strains of animals and humans. These are rapid and reliable  </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><a name="tr">Treatment</a></b><br> It is evident that <span style="color:black">conventional treatment is not much effective</span><span style="color:blue"> (<a href="#wrng-trt">click here to know why</a>)</span> in flu epidemics or pandemics. Also click this link to know more details of '<a href="bird_flu_more.htm">how homeopathy was effective in earlier Flu Pandemics</a>'.</font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2">Homeopathy offers a much effective treatment against viral infections in general. Also it offers complete cure in almost all infectious illness if there is not much destruction of tissues that is in cases other than advanced pathological changes. It is of greater importance that as homeopathy can start effective treatment based on symptomatology  one can start the damage control much earlier before actual diagnosis of  bird flu. The only problem being many a cases of possible bird flue (or any other grave or answerless illness) will be completely cured without there is a chance for proper diagnosis and recording the credit to the account of homeopathy. But no good homeopath needs credit but relief to suffering human. </font> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2">Another important help homeopathy can do is in the <a name="brd-trt-avlbl">treatment of birds</a>. It is well proven in many countries that veterinary homeopathy is much more effective. A similar form of bird flue is treated very well by homeopathic remedies in India for so long. Ayurveda also offers good effective treatment for both avian and human variety of flu. Similar to homeopathy highly effective simple Ayurvedic preparation are in use for bird flu in poultry in India for generations. </font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial"> <font size="2">The important drugs in homeopathy that are indicated in bird flu include the following<br> </font><i><b><font size="2">Aconite</font></b></i><font size="2">, <i><b>Arnica, Arsenicum alb</b></i>., <i><b>Belladonna</b></i>, <i><b>Bryonia</b></i>, <i><b>Eupatorium per., Hepar sulph</b></i>., <i> <b>Gelsemium</b></i>, <i><b>Kali bich</b></i>., <i><b>Mercurius</b></i>, <i><b>Nux vomica</b></i>, <i><b>Pulsatilla</b></i>, <i><b>Phosphorus</b></i>, <i><b>Rhustox</b></i>, </font></font><i><b><font size="2" face="Arial">Sulphur </font> </b></i> <font face="Arial"><font size="2">etc.<br> Note that these drugs are given in the alphabetical order only. Not in their order of importance or current prevalence. The actual drug prescribed and the potency should be based on individual cases and under the strict supervision of an experienced and qualified homeopath. Also note that homeopathic medicines will not produce any effect if the selection is wrong and the amount of effect may vary with the degree of inaccuracy in the selection of potency and dose. So </font><i><font color="#FF0000" size="2"><b>it is repeated that any treatment must be supervised by an experienced and qualified homeopath. <br> <br> </b></font></i><font size="2">It will be reassuring to know that in each season millions of people benefit from homeopathic remedies for influenza, all over the world. And the mortality rate is anything below 0.5% (if at all there is any)! Besides if you are taking homeopathic remedies for flu you will experience a faster cure as below, saving millions of days of manpower in addition to money and mental tension.<br> If you take Antipyretic drugs (like Paracetamol) the temperature comes down within 30 minutes and shot up again after 4-5 hours. This lasts for about three four days. At the end of which you are free from illness but very tired and will have a bad stomach too. Under homeopathic medication the temperature loose its intensity within two/three hours and decrease gradually to baseline within two days the maximum. On the second/third day you are free from illness and also fresh almost to pre-flu days!<br> </font></font><font face="Arial" size="2"><a target="_self" href="#top">Top</a></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><a name="do-n-do">What to do and not to do? (Prophylaxis).</a></b></font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><i>For common public<br> </i></b>Avoid direct contact with wild and/or domestic birds esp. poultry. Take particular care in regions where bird flue is reported. Take care to avoid drinking contaminated water. For this the general precaution of safe food/drink habits is enough. Those who are on trekking or wild life safari should keep in mind the contaminated water sources and make provisions for adequate drinking water with them. For those who have back yard poultry farms proper care should be taken in keeping the coup and surroundings clean. Special attention should be paid to disinfect water and feeding pots thoroughly and routinely. Seek advice of your veterinarian immediately on sighting of any signs of illness in the birds and act accordingly. </font> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><i>For commercial farmers<br> </i></b>Besides the above measures routine large scale disinfection of the farm is the first step. Proper disposal of droppings and other waste product is also of much importance. In case of any culling dispose of the carcasses also in proper manner. Take particular care to identify early signs of infection in birds and avoid spread to other birds. </font> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><i>For all people <br> </i></b>When any symptoms of flu or viral fever is seen in any one <b><i>please do not panic. </i></b>Instead go to your family doctor and get the proper treatment. If the family doctor is a <b><i>homeopath</i></b> it is far better. Always remember to make sure the treatment is not causing more harm than the illness.</font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2">Also note that <font color="#0000FF"><i><b>it is absolutely safe to consume poultry meat and eggs</b></i></font> provided they are thoroughly cooked. Ordinary pressure cooking easily destroys the virus. Only handling live affected birds or getting intimate contact with droppings/saliva/secretions of affected birds can give rise to the illness. </font> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial"><b><a name="concrn"> <font size="2">Why there is so much concern and why there is no need to panic?</font></a><font size="2"> <br> </font> </b><font size="2">The recent heightened concern is for many reasons. Most – but not all – of the major outbreaks recently reported in Asia have been caused by the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain. It is strongly believed that this strain has a unique capacity to jump the species barrier and cause severe disease, with high mortality, in humans and may cause a pandemic as explained below.<br> </font></font> <span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2"><br> It is known that avian and human influenza viruses can exchange genes when a person is simultaneously infected with viruses from both species. By this process of gene swapping inside the human body a completely new subtype of the influenza virus can be developed. This mutant virus has the advantage that humans would not have the natural immunity against them as they are entirely new. Also existing vaccines too would not be effective against a completely new influenza virus as they are changed each year to match the present circulating strains as said above. Finally when the new virus contains sufficient human genes making it capable to transmit directly from one person to another (rather than from birds to humans) the conditions for the start of a new influenza pandemic will be created. (To know how exactly a super virus is born <a href="bird_flu_d&q.htm#Super Virus">click here</a>). This assumption attains significance in the light of the great influenza pandemic of 1918–1919, when a completely new influenza virus subtype emerged and spread around the globe, in around 4 to 6 months. Several waves of infection occurred over 2 years, killing an estimated 40–50 million persons. Here an interesting and not much publicized fact is there that <a href="bird_flu_more.htm">homeopathy was much effective</a> in that pandemic. </font> </span></p> <p> <span style="font-family:"Arial"; font-weight:700; font-style:italic"> <font size="2">But as said these are all only possibilities and not yet realised. And like the repeated ‘dooms days’ predicted by many cults who worship ‘end of the world’ none materialized so far. See that from December 2003 <a title="Cumulative number of cases till 06-03-2006. For up date click here " target="_blank" href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/country/en/index.html">till date only 176 confirmed cases</a> of human bird flu infections are reported and out of them only 97 causalities are there. Also note that despite the estimated and predicted toll of millions of death the dreaded SARS caused only a thousand deaths in all! Another influenza epidemic predicted so much casualty </font></span> <font size="2"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-style: italic; font-weight: 700">two years back also failed to deliver that 'promise'!</span></font></p> <p><span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2">This also dose not mean that we can altogether neglect this threat. But simple precautionary measures in the poultry industry itself can curb this to the reasonable rate as happens all the time in the poultry industry. Now the <a name="real panic">real panic</a> should be about one thing; that is <font color="#FF0000"><b>if any such pandemic brake out the current vaccination will not be effective against it?!</b></font> (<a href="bird_flu_d&q.htm#panic">click here to know why?</a>)</font></span></p> <p><span style="font-family:"Arial""><a name="wrng-trt"> <font size="2">Another very important reason</font></a><font size="2"> for the increased alarm is that in viral infections especially in those of epidemic and pandemic proportions the rate of fatality is high whether it is a new subtype or an old one. On closer examination it will become clear that this is in fact due to </font> </span> <b><i><font size="2" face="Arial">the wrong selection of drugs and treatment mode</font></i></b><span style="font-family:"Arial""><font size="2">. As for example it is well proven that ‘Paracetamol’ the most freely used antipyretic can cause sever platelet depletion amounting to death. Ironically that is the single most used agent in any type of flu world over. Another culprit is ‘Antibiotics’ which can cause serious liver and kidney damage if used indiscriminately. These are also freely employed in epidemics and pandemics of flu. Also to be noted is the fact that in any such situations the panic stricken public consumes heavy doses and dangerous amounts of these drugs as many of them are available as OTC (legally or not) in many parts of the world. Interestingly the author has witnessed requests by learned GPs containing two different brands of Paracetamol preparations in high doses and two different types of Antibiotics in a single prescription! This may also happen due to the high pressure GPs are submitted when flocks of public is crowding OPDs with simple fever and some of them are falling dead. But sadly this practice will only add to the fatality number and there by the panic index of public. Another bad thing is that the proper procedure ‘the Antiviral’ agents are costly, have many side effects and not always available in massive quantities. (for an </font> </span> <span style="font-family: "Arial";color:blue"><font size="2"><a href="#tr">available alternative click here</a>)<br> </font></span><font face="Arial" size="2"><a target="_self" href="#top">Top</a></font></p> <p><b><span style="font-family:"Arial""><a name="tech"> <font size="2">Technical aspects of Avian Influenza</font></a><font size="2"><br> </font> </span></b><font size="2"><span style="font-family:"Arial"">There are many types of Flu viruses. Of which type A is the cause for avian flue. Even among this there are several different subtypes depending upon their hemagglutinin [H] and neuraminidase [N] proteins contents. There are 16 different H subtypes and 9 different N subtypes of flu A viruses. So, many different combinations of these are possible and each combination is a different subtype. Like H1N1, H5N3 etc.) Even though all subtypes of flu A viruses can be found in birds the “bird flu” in question is caused by only three subtypes as regards H protein i.e. H5, H9 and H7, and out of them H5 with N1 is the most dangerous posing the threat now (H5N1 subtype). Even that does not cause a 'pandemic' because it cannot cause infection from human to human. For this a peculiar type of "super virus" need to be born by a series of cross infections which are extremely unlikely. (To know how exactly a super virus is born <a href="bird_flu_d&q.htm#Super Virus">click here</a>)<br> <![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br> <![endif]> </span></font><font size="2" face="Arial"><b>The spread within and between countries<br> </b>Farm to farm spread within a country is much easy as large amounts of virus are secreted in bird droppings, contaminating dust and soil. Airborne virus can spread the disease from bird to bird. Besides contaminated equipment, vehicles, feed, cages or clothing – especially shoes – can carry the virus from farm to farm. The virus can also be carried on the feet and bodies of animals, such as rodents, which act as “mechanical vectors” for spreading the disease. Limited evidence suggests that flies can also act as mechanical vectors. </font> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2">Droppings from infected wild birds may introduce the virus into both commercial and backyard poultry flocks. The risk that infection will be transmitted from wild birds to domestic poultry is greatest where domestic birds roam freely, share a water supply with wild birds, or use a water supply that might become contaminated by droppings from infected wild-bird carriers. Also in “wet” markets, where live birds are sold under crowded and sometimes unsanitary conditions, can be another source of spread. <br> <br> The disease can spread from country to country through international trade in live poultry. Another important link is migratory birds, including wild waterfowl, sea birds, and shore birds. They can carry the virus for long distances and have, in the past, been implicated in the international spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza.</font></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial" size="2"><b><a name="cncl">Conclusion</a></b><br> Bird flu is a common illness seen for ages in wild and domestic birds. It attains massive proportions and occasionally may cause human infection due to carelessness from the part of humans itself. Spreading frightening theories and the panic stricken public resorting to extreme measures are the main cause of fatality in almost all cases. With a little common sense and care we can prevent another pandemic. As learned men we owe at least that much to the humanity. </font> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace: none"><font face="Arial"><b> <font size="2">Compiled by <a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Lenovo/My%20Documents/My%20Webs/Homeoweb/important_information.htm">Dr. Abdul Gafar</a></font></b></font><font size="2"> <br> </font><font face="Arial" size="2"> <a href="mailto:?subject=Hi.., Please find an interesting article about Bird Flu at http://www.homeoweb.com/bird_flu.htm">E-mail this link to a friend</a><br> <a href="mailto:dr.gafar@gamil.com?subject=About Bird flu">E-mail the author</a></font></p> <p><font face="Arial"><b><font size="2">References</font></b><font size="2"><br> </font></font> <span style="color:black"> <font face="Arial" size="2"> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/index.html"> http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/index.html</a><br> <a href="http://www.fluwikie.com">http://www.fluwikie.com</a><br> </font> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/focus/birdflu"> <font size="2" face="Arial">http://www.nature.com/nature/focus/birdflu</font></a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black"><br> </span><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="color:black"> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/">http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/</a></span><br> <span style="color:black"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.birdflu.gov.sg">http://www.birdflu.gov.sg</a></span><br> <br> <b>Other related links</b><br> <a href="http://birdfluhype.com">http://birdfluhype.com</a><br> <font COLOR="#0000ff"><u><a HREF="http://www.helios.co.uk/bird_flu.html"> http://www.helios.co.uk/bird_</a></u><a HREF="http://www.helios.co.uk/bird_flu.html">flu.html</a></font><u><br> </u><a href="http://www.homeopathy.co.nz">http://ww.homeopathy.co.nz</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.homeoweb.com/sars.htm"> http://www.homeoweb.com/sars.htm</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.homeoweb.com/clinic/bird_flu_more.htm">http://www.homeoweb.com/bird_flu_more.htm</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="file:///D:/My%20Documents/My%20Webs/Clinic-Frame/bird_flu_d&q.htm"> http://www.homeoweb.com/</a><a target="_blank" href="http://www.homeoweb.com/clinic/bird_flu_more.htm">bird_flu</a><a target="_blank" href="file:///D:/My%20Documents/My%20Webs/Clinic-Frame/bird_flu_d&q.htm">d&q.ht</a></font></p> <p align="left"> <b><font color="#0000ff" face="Verdana" size="1"> <a target="_parent" style="text-decoration: none" title="Welcome to the home page" href="http://www.homeoweb.com">HOME</a> | <a title="Director & Chief Consultant" href="important_information.htm" style="text-decoration: none">CHIEF</a> | Consulting <a style="text-decoration: none" target="main" title="Details of our clinics" href="India.htm">IN INDIA</a>, <a target="main" style="text-decoration: none" title="Details of our clinics" href="important_information.htm">IN UAE</a> & <a target="main" style="text-decoration: none" title="Details of our clinics" href="consent.htm">ONLINE </a>| <a target="main" style="text-decoration: none" title="A vast collection of write ups" href="library.htm">LIBRARY</a> | <a target="main" style="text-decoration: none" title="For all correspondence and more" href="important_information.htm">MAIL-ROOM</a> | <a target="main" style="text-decoration: none" title="Department of Physical Medicine, Excercise Therapy & Rehabilitation" href="Physio.htm">PHYSIOTHERAPY</a> | <a target="main" style="text-decoration: none" title="Department of Yoga & Meditation" href="yoga.htm">YOGA/MEDITATION</a></font><font size="1" face="Verdana">  </font><font color="#0000ff" face="Verdana" size="1"> |</font><font size="1" face="Verdana"><a target="main" style="text-decoration: none" title="Department of Ayurveda" href="Ayurveda.htm">AYURVEDA</a></font></b></p> <p><font color="#FF0000"><b>Please note that this web site uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them. <br> So <a title="No frames home page of Homeoweb.Com" href="http://www.homeoweb.com"> click here</a> for a 'no frames' homepage and always come back to the home page for navigation bars.</b></font></p> </body>